Empowering Electrochemical Biosensing through Nanostructured or Multifunctional Nucleic Acid or Peptide Biomaterials

Abstract Electrochemical biosensors continue to evolve at an astonishing pace, consolidating as competitive tools for determining a wide range of targets and relentlessly strengthening their attributes in terms sensitivity, selectivity, simplicity, response time, antifouling ability, making them suitable getting foothold real‐world applications. The design exploitation nanostructured or multifunctional nucleic acid peptide biomaterials are playing determinant role these achievements. With the aim highlighting potential opportunities biomaterials, this perspective article critically discusses overviews electrochemical reported since 2019 involving DNA aptamers, modern peptides, CRISPR/Cas systems. use recognition elements, electrode modifiers (acting linkers creating scaffolds with properties), enzyme substrates, labeling/carrier agents signal amplification is discussed through rationally strategically selected examples, concluding personal about challenges be faced future lines action.